Which of the following vulnerabilities occurs when an application directly uses or concatenates potentially hostile input with data file or stream functions? 

Answer options:

A. Insecure cryptographic storage
B. Malicious file execution
C. Insecure communication
D. Injection flaw

using an indirect object reference map, input validation, or explicit taint checking mechanism. Answer: D is incorrect. Injection flaw occurs when data is sent to an

Malicious file execution is a vulnerability that occurs when an application directly uses or concatenates potentially hostile input with data file or stream functions. This leads to arbitrary remote and hostile data being included, processed, and invoked by the Web server. Malicious file execution can be prevented by is incorrect. Insecure communication occurs when applications have failed to encrypt network traffic.